نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسنده
استادیار گروه شهرسازی ، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسنده [English]
Windcatchers (Badgirs) are among the most significant structural elements in Iran's hot-arid regions, primarily designed to mitigate climatic rigors. Among these cities, Yazd is globally renowned for its windcatchers; the prevalence of tall, multi-directional towers in its skyline serves as a key identity-defining element of this historic city. Similarly, Qom, located on the periphery of Iran’s central deserts, features tall, four-sided windcatchers. However, unlike Yazd, the windcatchers of Qom have remained largely understudied.
This research first identified and mapped the distribution of windcatchers within Qom's historical fabric through field surveys. Subsequently, their aesthetic, functional, and symbolic characteristics were extracted. Data regarding the windcatchers of Yazd were gathered from existing literature to facilitate a comparative analysis. The findings indicate that despite similarities in climatic conditions and certain formal attributes, the windcatchers of these two cities differ significantly in terms of functional performance and urban distribution.
In Qom, windcatchers are predominantly concentrated in aristocratic neighborhoods developed during the Qajar period, and their primary function is the ventilation and dehumidification of basements (Sardabs). This distinction demonstrates that while traditional Iranian architecture follows established principles, it exhibits a sophisticated adaptability, recalibrating its functions in response to specific localized environmental and subterranean variables.
Abstract:
Windcatchers (Badgirs) are among the most significant structural elements in Iran's hot-arid regions, primarily designed to mitigate climatic rigors. Among these cities, Yazd is globally renowned for its windcatchers; the prevalence of tall, multi-directional towers in its skyline serves as a key identity-defining element of this historic city. Similarly, Qom, located on the periphery of Iran’s central deserts, features tall, four-sided windcatchers. However, unlike Yazd, the windcatchers of Qom have remained largely understudied.
This research first identified and mapped the distribution of windcatchers within Qom's historical fabric through field surveys. Subsequently, their aesthetic, functional, and symbolic characteristics were extracted. Data regarding the windcatchers of Yazd were gathered from existing literature to facilitate a comparative analysis. The findings indicate that despite similarities in climatic conditions and certain formal attributes, the windcatchers of these two cities differ significantly in terms of functional performance and urban distribution.
In Qom, windcatchers are predominantly concentrated in aristocratic neighborhoods developed during the Qajar period, and their primary function is the ventilation and dehumidification of basements (Sardabs). This distinction demonstrates that while traditional Iranian architecture follows established principles, it exhibits a sophisticated adaptability, recalibrating its functions in response to specific localized environmental and subterranean variables.
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