بهبود شاخص های استاندارد ملی ایران در ارزیابی عملکرد انرژی ساختمانها از طریق مقایسه آن با استاندارد LEED : بررسی موردی ساختمان های اداری شهر تهران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه مهندسی معماری، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه خلیج فارس، بوشهر، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه معماری، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه یزد، ایران

چکیده

هدف این مطالعه بروز رسانی و بهبود استاندارد ملی ایران در زمینه ارزیابی عملکرد انرژی ساختمان ها از طریق مقایسه آن با استاندارد بین المللی LEED است تا از این طریق نقاط قوت و ضعف شاخص های آن مشخص و اصلاح گردد. برای این منظور یک ساختمان اداری دولتی در شهر تهران به عنوان نمونه موردی انتخاب گردید. برای ارزیابی عملکرد انرژی این ساختمان مطابق با دستورالعمل استاندارد لید، ابتدا همه اجزاء و تجهیزات آن بر اساس استاندارد ASHRAE 90/1 در نرم افزار Design Builder مدل سازی و شبیه سازی شد. سپس با استفاده از این نرم افزار، دو مدل اولیه و پیشنهادی استاندارد اشری برای ساختمان مذکور استخراج شد و مصرف سالانه انرژی و هزینه آنها با یکدیگر مقایسه گردید. نتایج بدست آمده از شبیه سازی نشان می دهد که مدل پیشنهادی اشری از ساختمان مذکور سالانه 31/5 درصد در هزینه مصرف انرژی صرفه جویی به عمل می آورد و می تواند 13 امتیاز از 18 امتیاز استاندارد LEED در بخش عملکرد انرژی را دریافت نماید. سپس این مدل پیشنهادی اشری با استفاده از استاندارد ملی ایران برای تعیین معیار مصرف انرژی و دستورالعمل برچسب انرژی برای ساختمان های غیرمسکونی مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. از آنجا که مصرف سالانه انرژی مدل پیشنهادی اشری از ساختمان اداری مذکور در این مطالعه 73 kWh/m2 است، مطابق استاندارد ملی، شاخص نسبت انرژی (R) برای این ساختمان کمتر از یک بوده و در رده بندی مصرف انرژی، برچسب رده (A) را دریافت می نماید. نتایج این تحقیق نشان می دهد که برای دریافت بالاترین امتیاز LEED در بخش عملکرد انرژی یک ساختمان اداری، استفاده از استانداردهای بسیار بالا در طراحی ساختمان ضرورت دارد و استاندارد مذکور در محافظت از انرژی و جلوگیری از انتشار دی اکسید کربن و حفظ محیط زیست نسبت به استاندارد ملی ایران پیشرو است. پیشنهادات این مطالعه برای بهبود استاندارد ملی در زمینه ارزیابی عملکرد انرژی ساختمانهای اداری و همطراز شدن با استاندارد لید در این زمینه شامل کاهش 23 درصدی شاخص مصرف انرژی ساختمان غیرمسکونی ایده آل در اقلیم شهر تهران و بهبود این شاخص در دیگر اقلیم های کشور می باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Improving Iranian National Standard (INS) Indices for building energy performance through comparing with LEED Standard: Case Study of Office Buildings in Tehran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Amin Mohammadi 1
  • Seyed Mohammad Hosein Ayatollahi 2
  • Seyed Mohammad Mousavi 1
1 Department of Architectural Engineering,, Faculty of Art and Architecture, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, Iran
2 Department of Architecture, Faculty of Art and Architecture, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
چکیده [English]

The aim of this study was to compare the Iranian National Standard (INS) with LEED, a valid international standard, in the field of energy performance evaluation of buildings to show the strengths and weaknesses of INS and then improve and update it in this area. For this purpose, a government office building in Tehran was selected as the case study. To evaluate the energy performance of this building in accordance with the guideline of LEED standard, at first all its components and equipment were modeled and simulated in Design Builder software based on the ASHRAE standard 90.1. Then, the baseline and proposed models of the ASHRAE standard were configured for the case building, and their annual energy consumption and cost were compared with each other. The simulation results showed that the proposed model of the case building can save 31.5% annually the cost of energy consumption, and can achieve 13 out of 18 points of LEED standard in the category of energy performance. Afterwards, this proposed model of ASHRAE was evaluated by INS to determine the energy consumption criteria and energy label guidelines for non-residential buildings. As the annual energy consumption of the proposed model for the case building in this study was 73 kWh/m2, the energy ratio index (R) for this building, based on INS, was less than one that received label A in energy rating. Findings of this research revealed that in order to receive the highest LEED score in the category of energy performance for an office building, it is necessary to use valid standards, as LEED is far beyond INS in energy conservation, prevention of carbon dioxide emissions, and environmental protection. To improve INS in the category of energy performance for office buildings and to be in line with the LEED standard, this paper recommends a 23% reduction in the energy consumption index of ideal non-residential buildings in Tehran, and also improvement of this index for the other climates in Iran.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Iranian National Standard
  • LEED international standard
  • Energy Performance of Building
  • Office Buildings of Tehran
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