Optimization of thermal performance of double skin façade box window type with natural ventilation in summer in Tehran

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

1 Department of Art and Architecture, South Teharn Branch, Islamic Azad University, No. 376, South Felesin Street, P.O. Box. 14168-94351, Tehran, Iran

2 Architectural Technology, Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism, University of Art, Tehran, Iran

3 Assistant Professor, Department of Architecture Islamic Azad University, South Teharn Branch, Department of Art and Architecture, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Double skin façade (DSF) is a popular type of façade in office buildings among designers. The naturally ventilated double skin façade (NVDSF) is one of the types, which is notable in terms of its energy performance mechanism. Thus, the design of the façade in accordance with climatic conditions is crucial to improve its ventilation function and increase energy savings. The NVDSF functional mechanism is based on thermal performance and airflow in the cavity. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is used to promote and improve the function of these façades. In this paper, the geometric features of NVDSF are examined to achieve the best flow simulation strategy to promote accuracy and fewer errors in results and obtain the optimal time for computer simulation calculations using FLUENT software and sensitivity analysis. Laboratory measurements of a NVDSF sample were used to verify the simulation results. The findings revealed that the results of the three-dimensional model are more accurate compared to the two-dimensional one, especially for predicting the temperature values of glass surfaces. Also, the Y+ parameter is the determinant parameter in choosing the mesh dimensions so that its value is about 1 for the first grid close to the walls. Determining the optimal scale of the three-dimensional model can reduce computation and design time. On the other hand, the cross section shape and the area of air inlets of NVDSF are effective parameters on façade’s thermal performance.
The results showed that increasing the width of the cavity can improve the thermal performance of the facade. Increasing the cross section of the inlet and outlet ventilation consequently increasing the air flow in the cavity does not necessarily lead to improving the thermal performance of the façade. Using the low emission glass compared to ordinary glass, especially for the outer wall of the double skin façade, reduces the heat flux passing through the inner glass surface of double skin facade into the building space by an average of 23.1%. Finally, for the optimal design of double skin facade, it is necessary to pay attention to all the variables affecting the facade performance and perform economic analysis to choose from the options with suitable thermal performance

Keywords

References

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Journal of Architecture in Hot and Dry Climate
Volume 9, Issue 13
September 2021
Pages 155-175

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